Industrial+Revolution+&+Intellectual+Development

"Survival of the fittest!" -Herbert Spencer media type="custom" key="12221054" __Terms__ __People __
 * Industrial Revolution/Intellectual Development
 * entrepreneurs- were interested in finding new business opportunities and new ways to make a profit. Many British people were wealthy and were known as this.
 * capital- Britian had a ready supply of money or capital, to invest in the new industrial machines and the factories needed to house them
 * cottage industry- it was a method of producation that in which tasks are done by the individuals in their own rural homes
 * puddling- is the process in which coke derived from coal is used to burn away impurities in crude iron to produce high quality iron
 * industrial capitalism- is an economic system based on the industrial productionor of the manufacturing. Industrial capitalism produced a new middle-class group th industrial middle class.
 * socialism- is a system in which society, usually in the form of the government, owns and controls the means of production
 * romanticism- an intellectual movenment that emerged at the end of the eighteenth century in reaction to the ideas of the Enlightenment; it stressed feelings, emotion, and imagination as sources of knowing
 * secularization- it was the indifference to or rejection of the religion or of the religious consideration. The nineteeth century was the age of increasing secularization.
 * realism- is the mid-nineteenth century movement that rejected romanticism and sought to portray lower- and middle class life as it actually was
 * natural section- was the principle set forth by Darwin that some organisms are more adaptable to the environment than others; in popular terms, "survival of the fittest
 * Thomas Edison- he ivented the light bulb and because of his creation Joseph Swan in Great Britain opened homes and cities to electric lights.
 * James Watt- the cotton industry became even more productive when the steam engine wd was inmproved by James, he made changes that enabled the engine to drive machinery.
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">Alexander Graham Bell- he invented the telephone in 1876.

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 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">Charles Darwin- published On the Orgin of Species of Natural Selection. The basic idea of the book was that each kind of animal and plant had evolved over a long period of time from earlier to simpler forms of life.
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">Charles Dickens- he became very successful with his novels as Oliver Twist and David Copperfield, he described the urban poor and the brutal life they led with vivid realism.
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">Guglielmo Marconi- he sent the first radio waves across the Atlantic in 1901.
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">Albert Einstein- a German born scientist published his theory of relativity, which stated that space and time are not absolute but are relative to the observer.
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">Sigmund Freud- proposed a series of theories that raised questions about nature of the human mind. He thought human behavior was strongly determined by past experiences and internal forces of which people were unaware.
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">Marie Curie- discovered that an element called radium gave off energy, or radiation, that apparently came from within the atom itself.
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 140%;">Claude Monet- who painted pictures in which he sought to capture the interplay of light, water, and sky.

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Links: [|Industrial Revolution] [|INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION] [|Industrial Revolution - History.com] [|Information Page] [|Industrial Rev Overview] [|The Cotton Gin] [|Telephone] [|The Wright Brothers] [|Albert Einstein] [|Thomas Edison]